Journal of Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences (JHAS)
Articles

Priming with Moringa Leaf Extract Enhances the Germination and Early Growth of Peas ( Pisum sativum )

PDF
  • Maqsood Ali Wagan,
  • Maria Abro,
  • Ghulam Hussain Wagan,
  • Muhammad Nawaz Baloch,
  • Safdar Ali Wahocho,
  • Muzafarddin Chachar,
  • Faiza Mandan,
  • Saeed Ahmed,
  • Farhan Ali Wagan
Maqsood Ali Wagan
Department of Horticulture, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, 70060, Pakistan
Maria Abro
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 70060, Pakistan
Ghulam Hussain Wagan
Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Social Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam,70060, Pakistan
Muhammad Nawaz Baloch
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 70060, Pakistan
Safdar Ali Wahocho
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 70060, Pakistan
Muzafarddin Chachar
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 70060, Pakistan
Faiza Mandan
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 70060, Pakistan
Saeed Ahmed
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam, 70060, Pakistan
Farhan Ali Wagan
Department of Plant pathology, Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University,Tandojam, 70060, Pakistan
DOI: https://doi.org/10.63459/jhas.2025.1.14

Published 2025-06-27

Keywords

  • Germination,
  • Growth,
  • Moringa Leaf Extract (MLE),
  • Priming,
  • Peas

How to Cite

Wagan, M. A., Maria Abro, Wagan, G. H., Baloch, M. N., Wahocho, S. A., Muzafarddin Chachar, … Wagan, F. A. (2025). Priming with Moringa Leaf Extract Enhances the Germination and Early Growth of Peas ( Pisum sativum ). Journal of Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences , 2(1), 75–82. https://doi.org/10.63459/jhas.2025.1.14

Copyright (c) 2025 Maqsood Ali Wagan, Maria Abro, Ghulam Hussain Wagan, Muhammad Nawaz Baloch, Safdar Ali Wahocho, Muzafarddin Chachar, Faiza Mandan, Saeed Ahmed, Farhan Ali Wagan

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Peas (Pisum sativum) are an important legume crop known for their high nutritional value and role in crop rotation systems. Despite their numerous benefits, pea seed germination and early seedling growth can be influenced by various environmental factors, often leading to reduced crop yield. To address this, seed priming has emerged as a technique to improve germination and seedling vigor. This study, conducted in 2024, aimed to evaluate the impact of priming with various concentrations of Moringa Leaf Extract (MLE) on germination and seedling characteristics of peas.The experiment was performed following a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with three replications. The treatments included a control (no priming) and six different concentrations of MLE (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%). Key parameters assessed included germination percentage, germination index, seedling vigor index, seedling height, root length, biomass of roots and shoots, and chlorophyll content. The results indicated that priming with 3% MLE significantly enhanced the germination rate (100%) and seedling vigor index (1513.3), outperforming all other treatments. The 3% MLE treatment also maximized seedling height (15.133 cm) and root length (6.5 cm). Furthermore, this treatment yielded the highest biomass for both roots (0.8667 g) and shoots (1.3233 g), as well as the highest chlorophyll content (64.867). At 35 days after sowing, the 7% MLE treatment produced the highest number of leaves, branches, and root length, while the 5% MLE treatment resulted in the highest shoot biomass. Overall, the study suggests that priming with MLE can be an effective technique for improving germination, growth, and biomass production in pea seeds, with the optimal concentration varying depending on the specific growth parameter being measured.

PDF

References

  1. Abdul-Baki, A. A., & Anderson, J. D. (1970). Viability and leaching of sugars from germinating barley. Crop Science, 10(1), 31–34.
  2. Adetunji, A. E., Adetunji, T. L., Varghese, B., Sershen, M., & Pammenter, N. W. (2021). Oxidative stress, ageing and methods of seed invigoration: An overview and perspectives. Agronomy, 11(12), 2369.
  3. Afzal, I., Hussain, B., Basra, S. M. A., & Rehman, H. (2012). Priming with moringa leaf extract reduces imbibitional chilling injury in spring maize. Seed Science and Technology, 40(2), 271–276.
  4. Afzal, I., Rehman, H. U., Naveed, M., & Basra, S. M. A. (2016). Recent advances in seed enhancements. In A. Jimenez-Lopez (Ed.), New challenges in seed biology—Basic and translational research driving seed technology (pp. 47–74).
  5. AOSA.,1983.Seed vigor testing handbook.contribution No.32 to Handbook on seed testing. Association of Official Seed Analysts.
  6. Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. (2005). Pre-sowing seed treatment—A shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy, 88, 223–271.
  7. Basra, S. M. A., Iftikhar, M. N., & Afzal, I. (2011). Potential of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract as priming agent for hybrid maize seeds. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 13(6), 1005–1010
  8. Deng, J., Ran, J., Wang, Z., Fan, Z., Wang, G., Ji, M., & Brown, J. H. (2012). Models and tests of optimal density and maximal yield for crop plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(39), 15823–15828.
  9. Farhat, F., Ashaq, N., Noman, A., Aqeel, M., Raja, S., Naheed, R., & Tariq, A. (2023). Exogenous application of moringa leaf extract confers salinity tolerance in sunflowers by concerted regulation of antioxidants and secondary metabolites. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 23(3), 3806–3822.
  10. Farooq, M., Usman, M., Nadeem, F., Rehman, H. U., Wahid, A., Basra, S. M. A., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2019). Seed priming in field crops: Potential benefits, adoption and challenges. Crop and Pasture Science, 70(9), 731–771.
  11. Khan, S., Ibrar, D., Bashir, S., Rashid, N., Hasnain, Z., Nawaz, M., & Dvořáček, J. (2022). Application of moringa leaf extract as a seed priming agent enhances growth and physiological attributes of rice seedlings cultivated under water deficit regime. Plants, 11(3), 261.
  12. Kumar, N., Upadhyay, G., Chhetri, K. B., Harsha, B. R., Malik, G. K., Kumar, R., & Gill, S. C. (2023). Pre- and post-harvest management of wheat for improving productivity, quality, and resource utilization efficiency. In Wheat Science (pp. 57–106). CRC Press.
  13. Lamichaney, A., Parihar, A. K., Hazra, K. K., Dixit, G. P., Katiyar, P. K., Singh, D., & Singh, N. P. (2021). Untangling the influence of heat stress on crop phenology, seed set, seed weight, and germination in field pea (Pisum sativum L.). Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 635868.
  14. Larsen, S. U., & Andreasen, C. (2004). Light and heavy turf-grass seeds differ in germination percentage and mean germination thermal time. Crop Science, 44(5), 1710–1720.
  15. Mashamaite, C. V., Ngcobo, B. L., Manyevere, A., Bertling, I., & Fawole, O. A. (2022). Assessing the usefulness of Moringa oleifera leaf extract as a biostimulant to supplement synthetic fertilizers: A review. Plants, 11(17), 2214.
  16. Mustafa, H. S. B., Mahmood, T., Ullah, A., Shah, A., Bhatti, A. N., Naeem, M., & Ali, R. (2017). Role of seed priming to enhance growth and development of crop plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. Bulletin of Biological and Allied Sciences Research, (1), 8.
  17. Noor, M. A., Ahmad, W., Afzal, I., Salamh, A., Afzal, M., Ahmad, A., & Wei, M. (2016). Pea seed invigoration by priming with magnetized water and moringa leaf extract. Philippine Agricultural Scientist, 99, 171–175.
  18. Noreen, S., Saleem, S., Iqbal, U., Mahmood, S., Akhter, M. S., Akbar, N., & Kaushik, P. (2024). Moringa oleifera leaf extract increases physio-biochemical properties, growth and yield of Pisum sativum grown under salinity stress. Journal of King Saud University – Science, 36(2), 103056.
  19. Pooniya, V., Choudhary, A. K., Dass, A., Bana, R. S., Rana, K. S., Rana, D. S., & Puniya, M. M. (2015). Improved crop management practices for sustainable pulse production: An Indian perspective. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 85(6), 747–758.
  20. Rashid, N., Khan, S., Wahid, A., Ibrar, D., Irshad, S., Bakhsh, A., & Zuan, A. T. K. (2021). Exogenous application of moringa leaf extract improves growth, biochemical attributes, and productivity of late-sown quinoa. PLoS ONE, 16(11), e0259214.
  21. Wajid, H. A., Alderfasi, A. A., Afzal, I., Junaid, M. B., Mahmood, A., Ahmad, A., & Tahir, M. U. (2018). Evaluating the potential effect of seed priming techniques in improving germination and root shoot length of maize seed. Not Published in Peer-reviewed Journal.
  22. Yasmeen, A., Basra, S., Ahmed, M., Wahid, A., Nouman, W., & Rehman, H. U. (2013). Exploring the potential of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) as a seed priming agent in improving wheat performance. Turkish Journal of Botany, 37(3), 512–520.
  23. Zhiyuan, C., & Kent, J. B. (1999). Hydrothermal time analysis of tomato seed germination responses to priming treatments. Journal of Experimental Botany, 50(330), 89–99.

Similar Articles

1 2 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)