Journal of Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences (JHAS)
Articles

Effect of Salt Stress (NaCl) on Seed Germination and Vegetative Growth of Hollyhock (Althaea rosea L.)

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  • Muhammad Nawaz Baloch,
  • Muhammad Khan Baloch,
  • Asif Raza Baloch,
  • Ali Jaan,
  • Qamber Khan,
  • Nawab Jan Baloch
Muhammad Nawaz Baloch
Department of Horticulture, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
Muhammad Khan Baloch
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
Asif Raza Baloch
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
Ali Jaan
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
Qamber Khan
Department of Horticulture, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
Nawab Jan Baloch
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
DOI: https://doi.org/10.63459/jhas.2025.1.19

Published 2025-06-27

Keywords

  • Salt stress,,
  • NaCl,
  • seed germination,
  • growth,
  • Holly hock

How to Cite

Baloch, M. N., Baloch, M. K., Baloch, A. R., Ali Jaan, Qamber Khan, & Baloch, N. J. (2025). Effect of Salt Stress (NaCl) on Seed Germination and Vegetative Growth of Hollyhock (Althaea rosea L.). Journal of Horticulture and Agricultural Sciences , 2(1), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.63459/jhas.2025.1.19

Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Nawaz Baloch, Muhammad Khan Baloch, Asif Raza Baloch, Ali Jaan, Qamber Khan, Nawab Jan Baloch

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Salinity is alarming issue to crop production worldwide. Evaluation of crop plants at early growth stages is perquisite to determine tolerance of plants to salt stress. The pot experiment was performed during 2019 to analyze the impact of salt stress (NaCl) on germination and growth attributes of hollyhock (Althaea rosea L.) genotypes. The trial was set up at the nursery of Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam employing completely randomized design (factorial). The seed germination and vegetative growth was evaluated in two genotypes of hollyhock that included Halo Blush and Scarlet Eye. The treatments included S1 = Canal irrigation water (Control), S2 =3.0 dS m-1, S3 =6.0 dS m-1, S4 = 9.0 dS m-1 and S5 = 12.0 dS m-1. The germination and growth of plants were substantially affected by salinity levels. The seeds sown by applying canal water produced vigorous plants with higher germination. Moreover, plants irrigated with canal water revealed maximum foliage production with better shoot and root growth. Additionally minimum electrolyte leakage was also noticed in plants irrigated with canal water. Plants irrigated with water having EC 3 dSm-1 ranked 2nd and considerably showed better germination and for other studied parameters. The salinity at 6, 9 and 12 dS m-1 caused simultaneously undesirable impact on all the investigated traits with the exception to electrolyte leakage of leaf that augmented parallel to the elevated salt stress conditions. In case of genotypes “Halo Blush” performed better for most of the investigated traits as compared to “Scarlet Eye” This indicates that Halo Blush had more tolerance to salinity as compared to Scarlet Eye.

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